Abstract
Background: Statins have demonstrated various beneficial clinical outcomes, not only in patients with elevated cholesterol levels but also in those with normal levels, a collective phenomenon known as pleiotropic effects. In the cardiovascular system, statins exhibit numerous pleiotropic effects, including the improvement of endothelial function by enhancing nitric oxide synthesis, anti-inflammatory actions, and antioxidant properties. Similarly, within the gastrointestinal tract, statins confer advantageous pleiotropic effects. Aim: This review delves into the potential mechanisms underpinning the gastroprotective impact of statins against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. In particular, the administration of statins resulted in a notable elevation in the levels of NO and PGE2 in the mucosa of the stomach. These results substantiate the gastroprotective role of statin is attributed to scavenging of free radicals, elevation of nitric oxide levels, and enhancement of prostaglandin E2 levels. Conclusion: To sum up, the results indicate that statins could be a preferable therapeutic choice for individuals who are susceptible to developing gastric ulcers as a result of NSAIDs usage.
