Evaluation of cytogenetic damage induced by antihypertensive drug Amlodipine: in vitro

Sayran K. Salih; Rawaa M. Abdo; Dian J. Salih; Asaad A. Alasady

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 1-9

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170390

Abstract
  Background: Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure and coronary artery diseases for long term of use. Sufficient studies reporting the cytogenetic effects of this drug have not reporting yet. Aim of study: This study aimed to assess the frequency of chromosomal ...  Read More ...

Antibacterial activities of plant extract Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark against multidrug-resistant bacteria

Nishteman F. Mohammad; Shilan S. Saleem; Rand B. Balata; Dian J. Salih

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 10-21

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170393

Abstract
  Background : Due to the increased occurrence of bacterial resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs, there is a constant search for novel therapeutic strategies; medicinal plants represent an important source for obtaining such substances. The antimicrobial activity of extracts and essential oils of ...  Read More ...

Formulation and Evaluation of Rosuvastatin Calcium Polymeric Nanoparticles-Loaded Transdermal Patch

Mais S. Saadallah; Omar A. Hamid

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 22-38

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170395

Abstract
  Background: Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have been rapidly developed as a promising alternative to the oral delivery systems to provide controlled drug delivery and avoid the first-pass metabolism of drugs. Recently, various nanocarriers such as liposome and lipid nanoparticles have been ...  Read More ...

Preparation and Evaluation of Topical Gel Containing Aloe Vera Exudate

Amina M. Al-Nima

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 39-52

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170396

Abstract
  Background:Aloe vera is known as a miracle plant belonging to the Lily (Liliaceae) family, The exudate of Aloe vera is utilized as a natural drug as it can be used for many medicinal purposes. Aims: The present work has been undertaken with the aim to prepare a topical gel containing Aloe vera exudate ...  Read More ...

Minoxidil in androgenic alopecia: New formulations with Improved delivery

Alaa Al-taie; Myasar M. Al-kotaji; Hani M. Almukhtar

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 53-63

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170397

Abstract
  Background: Minoxidil was introduced into the market as a hypotensive agent, however, aftermarketing, the hypertrichosis side effect was reported by almost all users. This adverse effect encourages the repositioning or repurposing the use of minoxidil as a topical preparation for the treatment of hair ...  Read More ...

Transdermal patch of acetylsalicylic acid as an alternative dosage form: A review

Hayder F. Alhamdany; Mohanad A. Alfahad

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 64-72

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170398

Abstract
  As a substitute for traditional systemic administration, many topical treatments have lately evolved. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) are the most appealing of these methods due to their low rate of failure, simplicity of distribution, superior efficiency and preference amongst users. TDDS ...  Read More ...

Effect of polyphenol secondary metabolites on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses associated with aging diseases

Khadeeja Y. Abid; Maimonah Yahya; Adnan A. Zainal

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 73-83

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170399

Abstract
  Several mechanisms are responsible for regulating the process of aging. A rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is usually linked to the development of age-related diseases. Evidence indicates that prolonged oxidative stress can predispose to frequent diseases such as chronic inflammation, ...  Read More ...

Bacteriophage as a Promising Alternative or Complementary Therapy to Antibiotics

Zahraa A. Hashim; Farah H. Omer

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 84-96

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170408

Abstract
  The global issue of antibiotic resistance and the narrowing down of new antibiotic discoveries besides their cost has led to the reintroduction of bacteriophage as a focus of research projects. Phage therapy is mainly grounded on the discriminating ability of the bacteriophage to destroy the targeted ...  Read More ...

Drug Physicochemical Properties Relevant to Powder Flowability in Pharmaceutical Appliance: A Review

Liqaa S. Esmail

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 97-103

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170401

Abstract
  Background: Studies have shown that the powder flowability rate significantly impacts the content uniformity and weight of the active pharmaceutical ingredients in drug tableting procedures. The aim was studying the physicochemical properties relevant to the powder flowability in some pharmaceutical ...  Read More ...

A review on coumarin backbone: An attractive scaffold for promising bioactive compounds

Sara F. Jasim; Yasser F. Mustafa

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 104-125

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170402

Abstract
  Background: Coumarin moiety is found in many naturally occurring products that have been used for many decades in traditional medicine around the world. Coumarin has distinctive physicochemical properties and can be easily transformed into a wide range of functionalized coumarins. As a result, a large ...  Read More ...

Synthesis of coumarin-based derivatives from different starting materials: A review of ongoing developments

Sarah A. Waheed; Yasser F. Mustafa

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 126-138

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170403

Abstract
  Objective: This brief review highlights the recent advances in the synthesis of coumarin-based derivatives from phenols, aldehydes, ketones, and various other functional group-containing starting compounds. Also, the recent developments in the conditions of several original synthetic methods involving ...  Read More ...

Natural Coumarin-Lead Compounds: A Review of Their Medicinal Potentials

Rahma M. Jebir; Yasser F. Mustafa

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 139-161

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170404

Abstract
  Background: Natural coumarins group, a principal member of the benzopyrone family, is one of the naturally occurring substances obtained ordinarily from plant origins, with antibacterial, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and many other medicinal potentials. ...  Read More ...

Coumarin-based products: Their biodiversity and pharmacology

Reem N. Ismael; Yasser F. Mustafa; Harith K. Al-Qazaz

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 162-179

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170405

Abstract
  Background: The plant kingdom generates and releases a wide range of secondary-metabolites, which have several effects on biological, toxicological, and ecological systems that may act in a similar manner to chemically synthesized compounds. One of these secondary-metabolites are coumarins, which are ...  Read More ...

Green synthesis of Schiff bases: a review study

Ahmed A. Mahmood

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 180-193

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170406

Abstract
  Objectives: Green chemistry is the field that implies instruments and procedures, by which it offers significant environmental and financial benefits above traditional synthetic methods. The modern attention in green chemistry has pretended an additional need for organic synthesis in which different ...  Read More ...

Drug Abuse as a Contemporary Social Problem

Zena S. Hamed

Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2021, Page 194-202

https://doi.org/10.33899/iphr.2022.170407

Abstract
  Objective: Drug abuse and its repercussions are of the most serious problems in society nowadays. This is because of their enormous influence on the individual, the family, and its social effects like crime, social marginalization, and death from overdose or suicide, as well as on the economy.The latest ...  Read More ...