Document Type : Review Paper
Author
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
Background: The use of conventional animal testing to determine how medications affect a biological system comes with many challenges. In recent years, a variety of techniques to achieve these goals were presented, one of these is cell line creation technology that has dramatically increased in usefulness and efficiency of drug discovery researches. Cell culture is the term used to describe the removal of cells from an animal or plant and their subsequent cultivation in a lab setting. The Caco-2 model is commonly used in the early stages of drug discovery to make decisions about the permeability and/or absorption of tested chemicals. It is obvious that novel 3D cell culture models offer enormous potential for disease modeling and medication efficacy and safety assessment. However, the challenges provided by the inherent traits of Caco-2 cell variants and inter-laboratory methods have led to the development of irreducible data. Conclusion: These restrictions have an impact on the extrapolation of preclinical research results to clinical investigations on drug-drug and herbal-drug interactions.
Keywords
Main Subjects
1. Lin L, Wong H. Predicting oral drug absorption: mini review on physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models. Pharmaceutics. 2017;9(4):41.
2. Mudie DM, Amidon GL, Amidon GE. Physiological parameters for oral delivery and in vitro testing. Mol Pharm. 2010;7(5):1388–405.
3. Hou T, Li Y, Zhang W, Wang J. Recent developments of in silico predictions of intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2009;12(5):497–506.
4. Brake K, Gumireddy A, Tiwari A, Chauhan H, Kumari D. In vivo Studies for Drug Development via Oral Delivery: Challenges, Animal Models and Techniques. Pharm Anal Acta 8: 560. doi: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000560 Volume 8• Issue 8• 1000560 Pharm Anal Acta, an open access journal ISSN: 2153-2435. vitro research. 2017;
5. van de Waterbeemd H, Jones BC. Predicting oral absorption and bioavailability. Prog Med Chem. 2003;41:1–59.
6. Kiela PR, Ghishan FK. Physiology of intestinal absorption and secretion. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2016;30(2):145–59.
7. Dahlgren D, Lennernäs H. Intestinal permeability and drug absorption: predictive experimental, computational and in vivo approaches. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11(8):411.
8. Penzotti JE, Landrum GA, Putta S. Building predictive ADMET models for early decisions in drug discovery. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel. 2004;7(1):49–61.
9. Deng X, Li Y, Qiu J. Human bocavirus 1 infects commercially available primary human airway epithelium cultures productively. J Virol Methods. 2014;195:112–9.
10. Miret S, Abrahamse L, de Groene EM. Comparison of in vitro models for the prediction of compound absorption across the human intestinal mucosa. J Biomol Screen. 2004;9(7):598–606.
11. Hidalgo IJ, Raub TJ, Borchardt RT. Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial permeability. Gastroenterology. 1989;96(2):736–49.
12. Volpe DA. Advances in cell-based permeability assays to screen drugs for intestinal absorption. Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2020;15(5):539–49.
13. Avdeef A, Tam KY. How well can the Caco-2/Madin− Darby canine kidney models predict effective human Jejunal permeability? J Med Chem. 2010;53(9):3566–84.
14. Deferme S, Annaert P, Augustijns P. In vitro screening models to assess intestinal drug absorption and metabolism. In: Drug absorption studies. Springer; 2008. p. 182–215.
15. Bohets H, Annaert P, Mannens G, Anciaux K, Verboven P, Meuldermans W, et al. Strategies for absorption screening in drug discovery and development. Curr Top Med Chem. 2001;1(5):367–83.
16. Awortwe C, Fasinu PS, Rosenkranz B. Application of Caco-2 cell line in herb-drug interaction studies: current approaches and challenges. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;17(1):1.
17. Amelian A, Wasilewska K, Megias D, Winnicka K. Application of standard cell cultures and 3D in vitro tissue models as an effective tool in drug design and development. Pharmacological Reports. 2017;69(5):861–70.
18. Geppert M, Sigg L, Schirmer K. A novel two-compartment barrier model for investigating nanoparticle transport in fish intestinal epithelial cells. Environ Sci Nano. 2016;3(2):388–95.
19. Li AP. In vitro human cell–based experimental models for the evaluation of enteric metabolism and drug interaction potential of drugs and natural products. Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 2020;48(10):980–92.
20. Justice BA, Badr NA, Felder RA. 3D cell culture opens new dimensions in cell-based assays. Drug Discov Today. 2009;14(1–2):102–7.
21. An WF, Tolliday N. Cell-based assays for high-throughput screening. Mol Biotechnol. 2010;45(2):180–6.
22. Karakucuk A, Ozturk N, Celebi N. Evaluation of Caco-2 cell permeability of ritonavir nanosuspensions. J Fac Pharm Istanbul Univ. 2020;50(3):251–6.
23. Lampen A, Bader A, Bestmann T, Winkler M, Witte L, BORLAK* JT. Catalytic activities, protein-and mRNA-expression of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in intestinal cell lines. Xenobiotica. 1998;28(5):429–41.
24. Baranczyk-Kuzma A, Garren JA, Hidalgo IJ, Borchardt RT. Substrate specificity and some properties of phenol sulfotransferase from human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Life Sci. 1991;49(16):1197–206.
25. Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in Caco-2 cells—potential role in carcinogen bioinactivation. Pharm Res. 2001;18(3):374–9.
26. Schmiedlin-Ren P, Thummel KE, Fisher JM, Paine MF, Lown KS, Watkins PB. Expression of enzymatically active CYP3A4 by Caco-2 cells grown on extracellular matrix-coated permeable supports in the presence of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Mol Pharmacol. 1997;51(5):741–54.
27. Hubatsch I, Ragnarsson EGE, Artursson P. Determination of drug permeability and prediction of drug absorption in Caco-2 monolayers. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(9):2111–9.
28. Lennernäs H, Palm K, Fagerholm U, Artursson P. Comparison between active and passive drug transport in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells in vitro and human jejunum in vivo. Int J Pharm. 1996;127(1):103–7.
29. Hilgendorf C, Ahlin G, Seithel A, Artursson P, Ungell A-L, Karlsson J. Expression of thirty-six drug transporter genes in human intestine, liver, kidney, and organotypic cell lines. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007;35(8):1333–40.
30. Englund G, Rorsman F, Rönnblom A, Karlbom U, Lazorova L, Gråsjö J, et al. Regional levels of drug transporters along the human intestinal tract: co-expression of ABC and SLC transporters and comparison with Caco-2 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2006;29(3–4):269–77.
31. Geppert M, Sigg L, Schirmer K. A novel two-compartment barrier model for investigating nanoparticle transport in fish intestinal epithelial cells. Environ Sci Nano. 2016;3(2):388–95.
32. Price D, Ackland L, Suphioglu C. Nuts’n’guts: transport of food allergens across the intestinal epithelium. Asia Pac Allergy. 2013;3(4):257–65.
33. Li AP. In vitro human cell–based experimental models for the evaluation of enteric metabolism and drug interaction potential of drugs and natural products. Drug Metab Dispos. 2020;48(10):980–92.
34. Thummel KE, Brimer C, Yasuda K, Thottassery J, Senn T, Lin Y, et al. Transcriptional control of intestinal cytochrome P-4503A by 1α, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Mol Pharmacol. 2001;60(6):1399–406.
35. Paivana G. Development of an integrated biosensor system for Toxicology and Pharmacology applications. 2022;
36. Silva AM, Alvarado HL, Abrego G, Martins-Gomes C, Garduño-Ramirez ML, García ML, et al. In vitro cytotoxicity of oleanolic/ursolic acids-loaded in PLGA nanoparticles in different cell lines. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11(8):362.
37. Wilding JL, Bodmer WF. Cancer Cell Lines for Drug Discovery and DevelopmentCancer Cell Lines for Drug Discovery and Development. Cancer Res. 2014;74(9):2377–84.
38. Chai G-H, Xu Y, Chen S-Q, Cheng B, Hu F-Q, You J, et al. Transport mechanisms of solid lipid nanoparticles across Caco-2 cell monolayers and their related cytotoxicology. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(9):5929–40.
39. Ferreira D, Adega F, Chaves R. The importance of cancer cell lines as in vitro models in cancer methylome analysis and anticancer drugs testing. Oncogenomics cancer proteomics-novel approaches biomarkers Discov Ther targets cancer. 2013;139–66.
40. Masters JR, Stacey GN. Changing medium and passaging cell lines. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(9):2276–84.
41. Lovitt CJ, Shelper TB, Avery VM. Advanced cell culture techniques for cancer drug discovery. Biology (Basel). 2014;3(2):345–67.
42. Kapałczyńska, Marta, et al. 2D and 3D cell cultures–a comparison of different types of cancer cell cultures. Archives of Medical Science, 2018; 14(4): 910-919.
43. LAW, Andrew MK, et al. Advancements in 3D cell culture systems for personalizing anti-cancer therapies. Frontiers in Oncology, 2021; 11: 1-15.
44. Fontoura, Julia C., et al. Comparison of 2D and 3D cell culture models for cell growth, gene expression and drug resistance. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2020; 107: 1-10.
45. Badr-eldin, Shaimaa M., et al. Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture Models for Efficient Drug Discovery: Progress So Far and Future Prospects. Pharmaceuticals, 2022; 15(8): 1-28.
46. Asuzu, Peace C., et al. Cell Culture-Based Assessment of Toxicity and Therapeutics of Phytochemical Antioxidants. Molecules, 2022; 27(3): 1-13.
47. Lovitt CJ, Shelper TB, Avery VM. Advanced cell culture techniques for cancer drug discovery. Biology (Basel). 2014;3(2):345–67.
)
