Khadeeja Y. Abid; Maimonah Yahya; Adnan A. Zainal
Abstract
Several mechanisms are responsible for regulating the process of aging. A rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is usually linked to the development of age-related diseases. Evidence indicates that prolonged oxidative stress can predispose to frequent diseases such as chronic inflammation, ...
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Several mechanisms are responsible for regulating the process of aging. A rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is usually linked to the development of age-related diseases. Evidence indicates that prolonged oxidative stress can predispose to frequent diseases such as chronic inflammation, cancer and heart diseases. Polyphenols are naturally occurring substances found in numerous fruits, vegetables, cereals, etc. They considered as one of the most abundant and widely distributed secondary metabolites of the plant kingdom. Long-term consumption of polyphenol-rich diets was confirmed for protection from as shown by earlier. Additionally, polyphenol-rich foods and beverages offer protection against certain chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Certain polyphenols, such as quercetin, have anti-inflammatory properties and they were also associated with lower levels of biomarkers of muscle injury and inflammation. Flavonoids were shown to slow memory problems and the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Antioxidants such as plant polyphenols have been proposed for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Dietary benefits are attributed in part to polyphenols, which have antitumor properties in both animal models and humans. Resveratrol (RV), a polyphenol found in blueberries, cranberries, wine almonds, and red grapes, has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties and was shown to reduce cancer cell glycolytic metabolism and reduce intracellular ROS levels.
Maimonah Qasim Yahya; Salah H. Azba; Maali I. Al-Hayali
Abstract
Background: The study aimed to identify the types of bacteria isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections focusing on the resistant isolates then comparing the results with the types of antibiotics misused by those patients in order to suggest some measures to mitigate the increasing ...
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Background: The study aimed to identify the types of bacteria isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections focusing on the resistant isolates then comparing the results with the types of antibiotics misused by those patients in order to suggest some measures to mitigate the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. Material and Methods: Urine samples were collected from patients aged from 10 to 60 years old who visited Al-Jomhory Hospital in Mosul City/Nineveh Governorate during a period between February and May 2021. Bacterial culture, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing against different antibiotics were performed by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method and the results were compared with patient medical history of antibiotic use without consulting a physician. Results: Overall, 7 different bacterial pathogens were identified, 5 gram-negative and 2 gram-positive bacteria. The majority of bacterial pathogens isolated was Escherichia coli 37.6%, followed by Klebsiella spp. 35.5%. It is worth noting that the most effective drug was quinolone (P≤ 0.05) on bacterial species with least effective was penicillins worrisome results was the isolation of a high percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, that was resistant to all antibiotics used in this research, by contrast, a high percentage of Enterococcus faecalis was sensitive to those antibiotics. Conclusion: The study revealed that a higher percentage of resistant bacteria were isolated in patients with a medical history of antibiotics misuse which might change drug prescribtion line in a hospitalized patients with bacterial infections.
Maymona Yahya; Abdul_Rahman Altae
Abstract
Objectives:To detect and compare the inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa extracts and compare their effects with traditional drugs on intestinal parasites. Materials and Methods: Stool samples were collected from 144 students of primary schools: (Al-Arqam primary school for boys, Al-hady primary school ...
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Objectives:To detect and compare the inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa extracts and compare their effects with traditional drugs on intestinal parasites. Materials and Methods: Stool samples were collected from 144 students of primary schools: (Al-Arqam primary school for boys, Al-hady primary school for girls, and Al-Arpachia primary school for (boys and girls) in both sexes out of 252 students of about 6-12 years old. Stools were taken from students in a clean water-proof with a tight fitting container 10 ml saline as a transport medium. Each sample was transported at 37οC and examined directly under the microscope. They were treated by different doses of different conc. of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of N. sativa and compare the effect with Metronidazole and Albendzole as traditional drugs. Results: The results of this study revealed clear potentiality of N. sativa as a source for antiparasitic drugs and support its use in folk medicine for the treatment of intestinal infections. Discussion: There was an inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa on intestinal parasites being isolated but fewer than that of traditional drugs. This finding warrants necessity of further investigation of this product for folk medicine.